到底什么是paraphrase？

英语专业的各项考试几乎都离不开paraphrase，好多同学很费劲的写出来了句子，结果没分，找到我：苏苏，你看我这个真的写得挺好的，没有语法错误，还有不错的搭配，为什么不给我分呢？

看大多数同学的作业，都感觉同学用力过猛，很多源于对paraphrase的认知不够清晰。

今天，我们就来明确一下什么是paraphrase以及paraphrase的方式方法，保证你一学就会。

先来明确一下什么是paraphrase：torepeatsomething written orspokenusing different words

也就是说当我们想要做paraphrase的题目的时候，首先你要理解原文的意思，然后用不同的书面文字呈现出来，是这个意思吧？那么注意这里的different words指的是英语的两个句子，区别于照抄原文。

好，那么我们按照步骤来总结一下为了做好paraphrase，你应该怎么做：

步骤一: Read important parts of the source material until you fully understand its meaning.

步骤二: Take some notes and list key terms of source material.

步骤三: Write your own paragraph without looking at the source material, only using the key terms.

步骤四: Check to make sure your version captures important parts and intent of the source material.

简单理解就是：理解原文/记录关键词/根据你理解的原文和记录的关键词重新写一个句子/审视你的心句子是否呈现了核心意思。如果是，那么你就paraphrase成功；如果不是，那么很显然你改变了原文的意思，不能够达到repeat something的效果，需要重新写句子，能理解吧？

ok我们理解了paraphrase的本质，接下来我们来说说常见的paraphrase的方式方法以及例子演示：使用同义词，转换词性，转换语态，句子关系替换等。

1.使用同义词：原句：

It isworthlooking atone or twoaspectsofthe waya motherbehavestowards herbaby.

paraphrase:It isusefultoobserveseveralfeaturesofhowa motheractswhen she is with hersmall child.

2. 句子关系替换：

原句：Similarly, the muscles will not grow in lengthunlessthey are attached to tendons and bones so that as the bones lengthen, they are stretched.paraphrase:Likewise,ifthe muscles are not attached to tendons and bones so that as the bones lengthen, they are stretched, they will not grow in length.

3. 转变词性：

原句：The bombexplodedand caused many casualties.

paraphrase:

Theexplosioncaused many casualties.

4. 改变语态

原句：We canrelatea study of this kindtotexts in other media too

paraphrase:A study of this kindcan be related totexts in other media too.

5. 灵活运用各种方式

原句：It haslongbeen known that Cairo is the mostpopulouscityon earth,butno-oneknewexactlyhowpopulousit was untillast month.

paraphrase:AlthoughCairo has been theworld's mostheavily populatedcity formany years, theprecisepopulationwas not knownuntil four weeks ago.